The best Twilio alternatives to consider in 2024

Twilio is a Communications Platform as a Servvice (CPaaS). It offers APIs that enable realtime communication via chat, VoIP, MMS and SMS notifications, video, and email. In addition, Twilio provides several other products, such as Twilio Engage (which allows you to create personalized customer journeys), or Twilio Trusted Activation (useful for user activation, authentication, verification, and secure online transactions).

If you’re looking for a CPaaS alternative to Twilio, here are some of the most popular solutions worth investigating:

• MessageBird. Cloud communications platform that connects businesses to their customers. MessageBird offers application software and APIs to automate and personalize communication across multiple channels, including SMS messaging, voice calls, email, Messenger, WhatsApp, and mobile push. MessageBird also provides features like a unified inbox, a customer journey flow builder, and a chat widget.

• Plivo. Voice and SMS APIs provider. Among other things, with Plivo, you can send and receive SMS (and MMS) messages, run SMS surveys, and integrate voice calling into your apps. Plivo also offers a lookup API for phone numbers, and an omnichannel cloud-based contact center solution. 

• Sinch. Communications API provider. Sinch powers messaging over various channels, including SMS, MMS, RCS, WhatsApp, Messenger, and Telegram. Additionally, Sinch allows you to embed voice and video capabilities into your apps, send emails to customers, implement multi-factor authentication, as well as phone call / SMS verification.

• Infobip. Application to person (A2P) messaging platform. Infobip allows you to engage customers over communication channels like SMS, MMS, voice, video, email, RCS, WhatsApp, Messenger, and Telegram. In addition, Infobip provides other capabilities, like forwarding SMS messages (to HTTP, email, SMPP), authentication & multi-factor verification, number lookup, a cloud contact center solution, and a chatbot-building solution.   

Other notable Twilio CPaaS competitors include Vonage, Bandwidth, and Telnyx.

Among other use cases, Twilio allows you to create in-app and web chat experiences. The Programmable Chat API used to be the main Twilio product for delivering chat functionality. However, Programmable Chat was retired in 2022. Its successor is the Twilio Conversations API - a solution that makes it possible to add 1-to-1 and multiparty chat to your apps.

It’s worth noting that Twilio Conversations has some drawbacks. Among them:

• Limited feature set. For example, you can’t use Twilio Conversations to implement public group chat, and there’s no support for some common chat features like mentions and emoji reactions.

• All chat traffic is processed and stored in a single datacenter/region. This can have negative implications on performance (increased latency), reliability, and availability (single point of congestion and failure).

• Chat application data (messages, channels, users) is stored in Twilio backend systems. This may be problematic for certain chat use cases, as it could lead to data governance-related concerns and issues.  

If you’re looking to build live chat experiences, there are various alternatives to Twilio Conversations you can use. We’ll now look at five of these alternatives:

• Firebase

• Sendbird

• Stream (formerly GetStream)

• Socket.IO

• Ably

Firebase is a Backend as a Service (BaaS) platform that allows you to build, test, release, and monitor web and mobile apps for end-users. You can combine several Firebase capabilities to add chat functionality to your apps: Firebase Authentication, Firebase Realtime Database/Cloud Firestore (to store chat data and sync it in realtime to connected client devices), and Firebase Cloud Messaging (to send notifications so that users get new chat messages if they’re in another app).

Firebase advantages

• Firebase helps app developers move quickly: you don’t have to worry about hosting, provisioning, and managing backend processes and components like databases, data storage, and authentication. Firebase makes the entire development cycle shorter and more straightforward. 

• Firebase has good technical documentation, and detailed SDK and API references, making it easy to get started and use the platform. Going beyond docs, there are about 1.5 million apps built with Firebase, so there’s a pretty big community of experts who can help you with questions and issues. 

• Most Firebase services are free to start with, which is great if you are new to Firebase and simply want to test the platform, assessing if it’s the right choice for your chat use case.  

Firebase limitations

• An instance of the Firebase Realtime Database has a limit of 200.000 concurrent connections and 1.000 write operations per second. To scale beyond these limits, you have to use sharding, which is a notoriously difficult process. Alternatively, you can opt for Cloud Firestore, which auto-scales up to a more generous limit: roughly 1 million concurrent connections. However, if you need to scale beyond 1 million users, Cloud Firestore can’t help you. In addition, unlike the Realtime Database, Cloud Firestore does not support presence natively, which is a key feature for any chat app. 

• Firebase comes with a database-centric architecture. Any updates being streamed in realtime between chat users must go via the database. This forces you to permanently store even the transient events that need to be sent to users, leading to an unnecessary increase in storage costs. An example of transient messages in a chat app scenario would be typing indicators – events that occur frequently but have zero need for permanent storage.

• There are plenty of horror stories of costs escalating out of control, especially if you are new to Firebase, and don’t yet have a good grasp on the pricing model and how to engineer your app in a cost-effective manner. See How not to get a $30k bill from Firebase for details.

Learn about building chat experiences with Firebase and the associated challenges

Sendbird is a Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) that provides APIs and SDKs to enable chat and voice and video calling in web and mobile apps. The Sendbird Chat product is the primary Sendbird offering for building chat experiences. It’s an API-based service that gives developers tools to add realtime, 1-on-1, and group chat functionality to their apps.

Sendbird Chat advantages

• Feature-rich chat API, with diverse capabilities, including voice and video support, chat UI kits, message and user moderation, push notifications, reactions, mentions, typing indicators, user presence, and read receipts. 

• Managed infrastructure layer that’s supposedly able to scale to 1 million+ active users per client app.

• Compliance with security standards such as SOC 2, ISO 27001, HIPAA/HITECH, and GDPR.

Sendbird Chat limitations

• Chat often goes hand-in-hand with other realtime use cases, such as multiplayer collaboration (think of Figma-like products, where you can edit your design collaboratively, and chat with other users, all in realtime). However, Sendbird is very much a chat-centric solution; if you’re looking to build other realtime experiences alongside chat, Sendbird can’t help; you will have to use different technologies, which brings additional complexity and increased costs to your project. 

• While Sendbird infrastructure is deployed across 8 datacenters, you are required to choose a single region (datacenter) for an app to reside in. This has negative implications on performance (increased latency), reliability, and availability. It’s probably one of the reasons why Sendbird can only provide a 99.9% uptime SLA. 

• Sendbird Chat offers a limited number of chat SDKs (7 in total), with no support for languages like Java, Go, PHP, Python, or Ruby. It’s also worth mentioning that Sendbird has very limited options when it comes to integrations. It essentially only allows you to configure webhooks, but it offers no pre-built integrations with other components, like databases and event streaming platforms (e.g., Kafka).

See how Twilio compares to Sendbird

Founded in 2015, Stream is a PaaS that provides APIs and SDKs which allow developers to build and embed live chat and activity feeds into their web and mobile applications. Stream's product for building realtime in-app chat is called Stream Chat. It’s an API-based service that gives developers tools to add realtime, 1-on-1, and group chat functionality to their apps.

Stream Chat advantages

• APIs and SDKs with diverse capabilities for building chat experiences with rich features like typing indicators, user presence, threaded conversations, push notifications, message & user moderation, reactions, user and channel mentions.  

• 99.999% uptime SLA available (exclusively for Enterprise customers). 

• Provides managed infrastructure, so customers don’t have to deal with scaling and maintaining it themselves.

Stream Chat limitations

• Oftentimes, live chat is not a standalone product, but, rather, a part of a wider realtime experience. For example, think of Uber-like ridesharing apps that offer live location tracking, while also allowing you to chat in realtime with the driver. Or imagine you’re developing a multiplayer collaboration app (e.g., a whiteboard) where multiple users can work and chat in realtime. If you’re building these kinds of experiences, you can only use Stream for chat (and activity feeds, if relevant). For your other realtime requirements, you will have to use another solution. Of course, this leads to additional operational overhead and increased expenses for your project. 

• Stream Chat does not support multi-region chat architectures. All chat traffic is processed and stored in a single datacenter / region. This can have negative implications on performance (increased latency), reliability, and availability (single point of congestion and failure).

• Chat application data (messages, channels, users) is stored by Stream Chat in their backend systems. This may be problematic for certain chat use cases, as it could lead to data governance-related concerns and issues.

Created back in 2010, Socket.IO is a well-known open-source library that enables low-latency, bi-directional communication between web clients and servers. Socket.IO is built on top of the WebSocket protocol and provides additional capabilities such as automatic reconnections, or falling back to HTTP long polling. 

Socket.IO advantages

• Multiplexing (namespaces), which enables you to minimize the number of TCP connections used, and rooms, which come in handy when building group chat, as they allow you to broadcast events to all connected users.

• Disconnection detection (configurable Ping/Pong heartbeat mechanism) and automatic reconnections.

• Integrations with various solutions for horizontal scaling: Redis, MongoDB, Postgres, AMQP / RabbitMQ. Note that you have to use one of these when you scale beyond a single Socket.IO server, to pass events between nodes, and ensure that events are properly routed to all clients.

Socket.IO limitations

• Socket.IO does not guarantee exactly-once delivery, which is essential for a good UX. By default, an at-most-once guarantee is provided. Socket.IO can also be configured to provide at-least-once guarantees, although this brings additional engineering complexity  - you have to use acknowledgments, timeouts, assign a unique ID to each event, and persist events in a database. 

• Socket.IO is a simple solution, with limited capabilities for building chat apps. For example, you have to do extra work to implement core chat features like typing indicators, read receipts, or emoji reactions, as Socket.IO doesn’t provide these features out of the box. Additionally, it doesn’t offer a way to generate and renew tokens for authentication, nor does it support end-to-end encryption.

• Designed to work in a single region, rather than a multi-region architecture. This can lead to issues such as increased latency (if you have users in different parts of the world), and system downtime - what happens if the datacenter/region where you have your Socket.IO servers goes through an outage?

Learn about the challenges of using Socket.IO at scale

Ably is a realtime experience infrastructure provider. Our APIs and SDKs help you power realtime functionality for use cases like live chat, multiplayer collaboration, and data broadcast, without having to worry about managing and scaling messy realtime infrastructure.

Key Ably features and capabilities

Our globally-distributed, multi-region network offers unrivaled guarantees around performance, data integrity, reliability, and scalability:

• <65 ms median latency.

• Guaranteed message ordering and (exactly-once) delivery, even in unreliable network conditions.

• Redundancy at regional and global levels, with a 99.999% uptime SLA.

• Dynamic elasticity, with the ability to send billions of messages to millions of channels and chat users.

We provide flexible building blocks like pub/sub messaging over WebSockets, presence, and message interactions, so you can build rich 1:1 and group chat experiences, with diverse features, including:

• Online/offline status

• Last seen indicators

• Edit/delete messages

• Threads

• Emoji reactions

• Typing indicators

• Read receipts

• Chat admin privileges

• User avatar

• Push notifications

We have client SDKs for every major programming language and development platform, and we offer a wide variety of integrations, so you can easily connect Ably to your preferred tech stack.