Google Cloud Pub/Sub vs Supabase Realtime
Discover how Google Cloud Pub/Sub compares to Supabase Realtime, and understand which is right for your use case, based on dimensions such as core features, pricing, reliability, and scalability.
What is Google Cloud Pub/Sub?
Google Cloud Pub/Sub is a real-time messaging service. Pub/Sub is used for asynchronous messaging between different systems, and services, within your applications. It enables developers to build robust and scalable real-time applications.
Suitable for:
- Chat applications
- Realtime analytics
- IoT data ingestion
- Log aggregations
- Online collaboration applications
Not suitable for:
- Stateful applications
Pros:
- Highly scalable
- Easy to use
- Integrates with Google Cloud's ecosystem
- Reliable
Cons:
- Cost can escalate quickly
- Vendor lock-in
- Debugging can be challenging
- Limited retention time
- Lack of configuration control
- Isolated service
What is Supabase Realtime?
Supabase Realtime is a globally distributed network of real-time servers. Supabase Realtime is built on top of PostgreSQL database and enables developers to build applications with real-time data synchronization capabilities.
Suitable for:
- Live location applications
- Collaborative tools
- Interactive dashboards
- Chat applications
- Multiplayer games
Not suitable for:
- Non-collaborative applications
- Offline-first applications
- Low-data change dashboards
- High-latency tolerance
- Static websites
Pros:
- Extensive documentation
- Generous free plan
- In-built presence
- Open-source
Cons:
- Difficult to self-host
- Limited features in the self-host version
- Message delivery is not guaranteed
Compare Google Cloud Pub/Sub and Supabase Realtime
Let’s compare Google Cloud Pub/Sub and Supabase Realtime, looking at key dimensions such as their core features, pricing, integrations, QoS, performance, and security and compliance.
Disclaimer:This comparison was created based on documentation and resources freely available online about Google Cloud Pub/Sub and Supabase Realtime. The content was last updated on 1 Aug 2024 for Google Cloud Pub/Sub and on 16 Aug 2024 for Supabase Realtime. Be sure to double-check everything before you make any decisions. If you do find anything incorrect or out of date, then please contact us.
| Core features | |||
Pub/Sub messaging | Reduces communication code complexity, simplifying the process of building highly functional and architecturally complex realtime apps. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase's Broadcast feature supports Pub/Sub messaging, allowing clients to publish messages to specific channels and have those messages received by all subscribers. Read more |
Chat capabilities | Accelerates the time to implement rich chat experiences with features such as read receipts, typing indicators, and more. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No Chat features such as group chat, emojis, and file sharing are not supported by Google Pub/Sub out of the box, which is intended to be used for service-to-service communication. | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase supports chat capabilities through Broadcast for typing indicators, Presence, and Postgres Changes for messages history filesharing and emojis. Read more |
Collaboration capabilities | Enables you to quickly integrate realtime collaborative features like live cursors, member location, avatar stacks, and component locking. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No Google Pub/Sub recommends using other Google services like Firebase Realtime database to build applications that require functionalities like collaboration. Read more | Supabase Realtime Yes You can build collaboration capabilities like live cursors and profile stacks using the Presence, Postgres Changes, and Broadcast features of Supabase. |
State sync capabilities | Enables realtime data synchronization across devices and users, ensuring a cohesive and up-to-date user experience. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No Google Pub/Sub does not support a state sync feature out of the box, but this can be achieved in combination with a realtime database. | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase supports state sync with its Postgres Changes feature to listen to changes in the database. When the database updates, changes are pushed to the client in real time. Read more |
Presence | Maintaining a view of which users are connected, and their associated metadata, enables their online status to be updated in realtime. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No | Supabase Realtime Yes |
Occupancy | High-level metrics about the clients currently connected to a channel make it simple to show things such as connected user count, or display which channels are the most popular. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes Google Pub/Sub provides monitoring dashboards that can be used to monitor subscriptions. Subscriptions can also be monitored through the Cloud Monitoring API. Read more | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase Realtime's Presence feature enables occupancy tracking by allowing you to monitor user joins/leaves in channels, retrieve online user lists, and receive real-time updates on occupancy changes. |
Message interactions | Enables interaction with previously-sent messages, facilitating the implementation of features like message reactions and threads. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase enables message interactions using Presence for tracking, Postgres Changes for listening to changes, and Broadcast for custom events. These features can be used to build message interactions like reactions. |
Message history | Enables clients to catch up on missed messages when inactive, ensuring a user doesn’t miss any important messages. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No Pub/Sub can't retrieve acknowledged messages. You can use the Seek feature to mark them as unacknowledged and redeliver them or delete unacknowledged messages. Read more | Supabase Realtime No |
Push notifications | Cross-platform push notifications make it possible to deliver important and timely messages to users even when they’re inactive. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes You can create a push subscription workflow for push notifications using Google Pub/Sub. Read more | Supabase Realtime |
Message delta compression | Minimizes bandwidth and can reduce latency, particularly in scenarios where continuous updates are sent. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No | Supabase Realtime No Supabase uses the Brotli compression algorithm for all responses, rather than delta compression. |
Programmatic management | Enables the automation of provisioning, management, and testing of service resources, simplifying integration with existing development workflows such as CI. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime Yes |
| Pricing | |||
Free plan | With a free plan, you can test the service’s functionality and compatibility with your project before committing to a paid plan. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase offers a free plan with the a limit of 200 concurrent clients and 100 messages per second. Read more |
Pricing model | The pricing model should align with your project's expected load, usage patterns, and budget in order to be cost-effective and efficient. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Google Pub/Sub has usage-based pricing, based the number of published, delivered, and stored bytes. Read more | Supabase Realtime Supabase uses a tiered pricing model:
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| Integrations & interoperability | |||
SDKs | Supporting multiple languages and platforms offers greater flexibility when building cross-platform realtime apps. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub
| Supabase Realtime
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Supported realtime protocols | Support for multiple protocols provides the flexibility to choose a protocol that best suits your project’s requirements. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub None. Google Pub/Sub does not natively support any real-time protocols. However, you can implement WebSockets using other Google services like Google's Compute Engine. | Supabase Realtime
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Serverless functions | Enables integration with third-party cloud providers by facilitating the execution of custom code against messages to perform business logic like on-the-fly translation. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub
| Supabase Realtime
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Streaming & queueing | Provides a dependable method to reroute messages from the service to third-party streams and queues for further processing. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime Yes |
Observability services | Enables realtime monitoring and troubleshooting by offering insights into service behavior directly in your observability platform of choice. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes The Google Monitoring, Alerting and Logging integration provides observability services. Read more | Supabase Realtime Partial Supabase supports integration with observability tools like Sentry, New Relic, and Supabase-Grafana. |
CI/CD tools | Makes it possible to provision and configure service infrastructure as part of a CI or CD pipeline, enabling repeatable and reliable deployments. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes Supports:
| Supabase Realtime Yes Supports:
|
| Quality of Service | |||
Scalability | Scalability is vital as it ensures the service can handle increased data load or users without compromising performance. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Google Pub/Sub is built to be scalable and reliable. Google uses the service for their products to send billions of messages per day. You can read more about their architecture and limitations in their documentation. | Supabase Realtime Supabase can handle up to 10,000 concurrent clients, 2,500 channel joins per second, and 2,500 messages per second. Read more |
Guaranteed message delivery | Ensures messages are never lost during transmission, even in the presence of network disruptions. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime No |
Guaranteed message ordering | Maintains the sequence of messages as they were sent. This is particularly important in apps where the chronological order of messages is essential for meaningful communication. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No Google Pub/Sub supports message ordering, but cannot always guarantee it even when this is enabled - for example, when dead-letter topics are enabled on subscriptions. Read more | Supabase Realtime Yes |
Exactly-once message delivery | Guarantees that each message is processed exactly once, preventing data inconsistencies that can arise from duplicate processing or missing messages. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes Google Pub/Sub supports exactly-once delivery based on a Pub/Sub-defined unique message ID. Read more | Supabase Realtime No |
| Performance & availability | |||
Uptime Guarantee | An uptime guarantee instills confidence in the reliability of the service and protects your business from the negative impacts of downtime. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub 99.95% Read more | Supabase Realtime 99.0%. Read more |
Global edge network | By bringing servers (Points of Presence, or PoP) geographically closer to the devices of end users, and routing requests to the nearest PoP, global latency is reduced to a minimum. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime Yes |
Multi-region data replication (message durability) | By replicating data across multiple regions, the risk of data loss or downtime is greatly mitigated since if data is lost or a server fails in one region, the information can be retrieved from another. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes Google Pub/Sub supports synchronous data replication across three zones. | Supabase Realtime Yes Multi-region data replication is natively supported in Supabase through their Publications feature. Read more |
No single point of failure or congestion | Having no single point of failure means a system is resilient and can continue to operate even if one part fails. Avoiding a single point of congestion ensures messages flow efficiently across the system and avoids bottlenecks that could lead to performance issues under load. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase provides a globally distributed cluster of realtime servers. The realtime servers are designed to be highly available and fault-tolerant. |
Latency | Low latency is crucial for realtime apps as it ensures swift and efficient data transmissions, providing a smoother and more responsive user experience. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub 100ms round trip | Supabase Realtime Unknown. |
| Security & compliance | |||
API key authentication | Simplifies the authentication code on trusted servers compared to requesting, managing, and refreshing tokens. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub No Google Pub/Sub only supports gcloud CLI credential and Application Default Credentials (ADC). Read more | Supabase Realtime Yes |
Token-based authentication | Provides a means to securely authenticate user devices against your user management system. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime |
Single Sign-On (SSO) authentication | SSO streamlines login processes, boosts security by minimizing password use, and meets compliance needs for secure data access management. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes SSO authentication in Pub/Sub is supported through Google Cloud IAM, OAuth 2.0, and Workforce Identity Federation, allowing integration with external identity providers like Azure AD or Okta. Read more | Supabase Realtime Yes |
Rules for permissions and operations | Provides control over which users can subscribe and publish to certain channels. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes Rules for permissions and operation can be configured using Identity and Access Management (IAM). Read more | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase offers the Row Level Security (RLS) system, allowing fine-grained access control at the database level. |
End-to-end encryption | Ensures that the data transmitted between the client and the API server remains confidential and secure while in transit. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime Yes Data in transit is encrypted via TLS. |
Encryption at rest | Ensures data stored by the service is secure and compliant, while also mitigating the risks of a data breach. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub Yes | Supabase Realtime Yes Supabase encrypts all users' data at rest using the AES-256 standard. |
Compliance | Compliance with regulations can impact your ability to meet legal obligations in your industry. | Google Cloud Pub/Sub
| Supabase Realtime
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Alternatives to Google Cloud Pub/Sub and Supabase Realtime
Whilst both Google Cloud Pub/Sub and Supabase Realtime are worth considering as options for realtime experiences, they aren’t without their limitations. We suggest evaluating them against the following alternatives to make sure you find the right solution for your needs.
Alternatives to Google Cloud Pub/Sub
AWS SQS is a message queuing solution for decoupling apps, services & architectures.
Apache Kafka is an open-source real-time data streaming platform.
Azure Service Bus is a fully managed message service with message queues and Pub/Sub topics.
Alternatives to Supabase Realtime
Firebase Realtime Database is a cloud-hosted database by Google, allowing developers to build realtime applications for web and mobile.
Prisma Pulse provides realtime data synchronization and monitoring across third-party databases. Only supports PostgresSQL databases.
Hasura is an open-source engine that provides instant GraphQL APIs that integrate with your backend.
Discover how Google Cloud Pub/Sub and Supabase Realtime stack up against Ably
Ably is the definitive realtime experience platform of the internet. See how we compare to Google Cloud Pub/Sub and Supabase Realtime on key dimensions such as core features, pricing, integrations, QoS, performance, and security and compliance.
Try Ably for free to discover the benefits for yourself
Ably has built reliable realtime infrastructure so you don’t have to. On our free plan you benefit from:
- 6M monthly messages
- 200 concurrent channels
- 200 concurrent connections
